Policy Research Working Paper 10984 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized From Fiscal Cyclicality to Fiscal Stress The Role of Asymmetric Public Consumption Rigidities in Emerging Markets Daniel Riera-Crichton Pilar Ruiz Orrico Guillermo Vuletin Latin America and the Caribbean Region Office of the Chief Economist November 2024 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Policy Research Working Paper 10984 Abstract Macroeconomic textbooks warn that procyclical public spendin ...

Policy Research Working Paper 10983 Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The Potential Cascading Impacts of Climate Change in Cambodia Hector Pollitt Migle Petrauskaite Public Disclosure Authorized Macroeconomics, Trade and Investment Global Practice November 2024 Public Disclosure Authorized Policy Research Working Paper 10983 Abstract This paper develops a "plausible worst-case" scenario for Cambodia to illustrate how a severe, 1-in-10-year flood could trigger cascading impacts, inclu ...

ARMENIA o of of Gr Public Disclosu Armenia Waste Sector Reform Plan May 2024 Disclosure Authorized THE WORLD BANK RWA Group Resources & Waste Advisory Group Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan Sector Assessment Report © 2024 The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org Some rights reserved. This work is a product of The World Bank. The findings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this work do not necessarily reflect the views ...

Public Disclosu Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Reform Plan Gyumri Municipal Waste Management Analysis Report thorized May 2024 ORLD BANK City Climate Finance Gap Fund Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Climate Action INTERNATIONAL CLIMATE INITIATIVE THE GOVERNMENT OF THE GRAND DUCHY OF LUXEMBOURG Ministry of the Environment, Climate and Sustainable Development Resources & Waste Advisory Group WA Group Armenia SWM Sector Assessment and Refor ...

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized The impact of the implementation of EU's Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism on North Macedonia Policy Note Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized September 2024 Contents Acknowledgments | --- | --- | |-------------------------------------------------------------|-------| | | | | | | | Executive Summary. | | | Policy Context | | | Summary of the CBAM Regulation . | | | The implications of the CBAM Regulation in North Macedonia. | | ...

olic Disclosure Auth REDUCTION OF MENTAL HEALTH RELATED STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION: GLOBAL OVERVIEW ECEMBER 2024 Ministry of Health and Welfare National Center for Mental Health olic Disclosure Authori REDUCTION OF MENTAL HEALTH RELATED STIGMA AND DISCRIMINATION: GLOBAL OVERVIEW December 2024 World Bank Group Ministry of Health and Welfare of the Republic of Korea National Center for Mental Health of the Republic of Korea © 2024 / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW, Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; ...

SEA: sclosure Autho Combating Abandoned, Lost, and Otherwise Discarded Fishing Gear (ALDFG) ed | --- | --- | --- | |-------|-------------------------------------------------|---------------------------------------------------------| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | PRC | GLOBALINITIATIVE " Ocean France Conservancy | in collaboration with: (2) UN trade & i | | | | Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations | closure Authoriz lic Disclosure Authoriz © 2024 International Bank for Reconstruction a ...

行业投资评级 - 报告未明确给出具体的投资评级 [8] 报告的核心观点 - 泰国正面临经济增速放缓、气候脆弱性和环境退化等多重挑战，政府提出的“生物循环绿色经济”（BCG）模式旨在通过技术创新和可持续资源管理，推动经济向低碳和气候韧性方向转型 [33][34][35] - 气候变化对泰国农业、渔业、旅游业和基础设施等关键行业构成重大威胁，尤其是洪水、海平面上升和极端天气事件的影响 [35][36][37] - 报告提出了“BCG+”模型，强调通过气候适应、减排和循环经济等措施，推动泰国经济向低碳和可持续方向发展 [37][38][39] 根据相关目录分别进行总结 泰国经济展望与挑战 - 泰国政府的目标是到2037年成为高收入经济体，但面临经济增速放缓、气候变化和环境退化等挑战 [83] - 泰国经济在过去几十年取得了显著发展，但近年来经济增长放缓，主要原因是投资减少和政策改革停滞 [86][89] - 泰国经济面临多重挑战，包括教育系统效率低下、社会排斥问题、人口老龄化以及制造业竞争力下降 [92][93] 气候与环境挑战 - 泰国是全球受极端天气事件影响最严重的第八个国家，气候变化导致洪水、海平面上升、干旱和极端高温等风险增加 [95][96] - 泰国的主要经济部门，如农业、渔业、旅游业和制造业，均面临气候变化的重大威胁 [97][100][101] - 泰国森林覆盖率下降，沿海地区面临严重的海岸侵蚀问题，尤其是曼谷等沿海城市 [102][103] 气候风险评估 - 泰国面临多种自然灾害，包括洪水、热带风暴、干旱和海岸侵蚀，其中洪水是最常见的自然灾害 [157][158] - 曼谷是泰国最容易受到洪水和海岸侵蚀影响的城市，预计到2050年，大部分曼谷地区可能会被淹没 [159][160] - 气候变化导致泰国农业和渔业生产损失严重，预计到2050年，农业生产损失可能达到29亿至54亿美元，渔业生产损失可能达到262亿美元 [169][170][171] 向生物循环绿色经济转型 - 报告提出了“BCG+”模型，强调通过气候适应、减排和循环经济等措施，推动泰国经济向低碳和可持续方向发展 [37][38][39] - 向BCG+经济转型需要政府和私营部门的合作，政府应通过碳税等政策推动气候适应和减排，私营部门则应通过技术创新和产品设计改进来支持循环经济 [39][40] - 成功的BCG+转型可以带来经济增长、就业增加和气候韧性提升，同时减少对全球商品价格的依赖 [40][41] 政策建议 - 报告提出了多项政策建议，包括加强洪水管理、实施碳定价机制、推动电动汽车转型以及发展循环经济等 [56][57][58][59] - 泰国应优先投资于气候适应措施，如早期预警系统、气候韧性基础设施和可持续土地利用政策，以减少洪水和其他气候灾害的影响 [57][58] - 碳定价机制可以激励企业减少碳排放，同时通过税收收入支持气候适应和减排措施 [59][60] 生态阈值与经济模型 - 报告探讨了生态阈值的概念，指出过度砍伐森林和洪水可能导致生态系统不可逆转的变化，进而对经济产生重大影响 [46][47] - 通过实施政策干预，如停止砍伐森林和推广再造林，泰国可以减少高达68%的GDP损失，并增加540亿美元的累计财富 [47][48] - 报告提出了一个综合经济环境模型（IEEM+ESM），用于评估气候变化对泰国经济的影响，并提出了多种情景分析 [49][50]

Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Poverty Traps in Argentina F . A . F . F . A . F . P . F . P . t ස © 2024 The World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank Group with external contributions. "The World Bank Group" refers to the legally separate organizations of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Dev ...

| --- | --- | |-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|-----------------------| | | | | | | | PEOPLE IN A CHANGING CLIMATE: | | | FROM VULNERABILITY TO ACTION Insights from World Bank Group Country Climate and Development Reports | covering 72 economies | © 2024 The World Bank Group 1818 H Street NW, Washington, DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000; Internet: www.worldbank.org This work is a product of the staff of The World Bank Group. "The World ...