Comprised of the 503 largest U.S. companies based on market capitalization, the S&P 500 continues to be the yard stick by which most professional investors and traders measure their returns and performance. Year-to-date, the index is up a healthy 11%.However, the S&P 500 index had been doing a lot better this year before it ran into some turbulence in July, which has spilled over into August. A rotation from technology stocks into value and small-cap names, coupled with fears of a U.S. recession, have pulle ...